Joint Angle and Frequency Estimation Using Multiple-Delay Output Based on ESPRIT

Antenna array has been used in many fields such as radar, sonar, electron reconnaissance and seismic data processing. The direction-of-arrival(DOA-) estimation of signals impinging on an array of sensors is a fundamental problem in array processing [1–5]. Angle estimation and frequency estimation [6, 7] are two key problems in the signal processing field. The problem of joint DOA and frequency estimation arises in the applications of radar, wireless communications and electron reconnaissance. For example, these parameters can be applied to locate the radars and to locate pilot tones in electron reconnaissance systems [8]. Furthermore, a precise estimation of these parameters is helpful to attain a better pulse descriptor word (PDW) and thus enhances the system performance. Optimal techniques based on maximum likelihood [9] are often applicable but might be computationally prohibitive. Some ESPRIT-based joint angle and frequency estimation methods have been proposed in [10–14]. Zoltowski and Mathew [10] discuss this problem in the context of radar applications. ProESPRIT is proposed to estimate angle and frequency. Haardt and Nossek [11] discuss the problem in the context of mobile communications for space division multiple access applications. Their method is based on Unitary-ESPRIT, which involves a certain transformation of the data to real valued matrices. Multi resolution ESPRIT is used for joint angle frequency estimation in [12]. ESPRIT method is used for frequency and angle estimation under uniform circular array in [13, 14]. References [15, 16] proposed the trilinear decomposition method for joint angle and frequency estimation method. The other joint angle and frequency estimation method is proposed in [17–24]. This paper uses multiple-delay output, so as to achieve the purpose of improving estimation accuracy. This algorithm has the improved performance compared with conventional method. The proposed algorithm is applicable to uniform linear array.